Some non-Muslim populations did experience persecution, however. After the Muslim conquest of Persia, Zoroastrians were given dhimmi non-Muslim status and subjected to persecutions; discrimination and harassment began in the form of sparse violence. Zoroastrians were made to pay an extra tax called Jizya; if they failed, they were killed, enslaved, or imprisoned. Those paying Jizya were subjected to insults and humiliation by the tax collectors.
Zoroastrians who were captured as slaves in wars were given their freedom if they converted to Islam. Privacy Policy. Skip to main content.
Search for:. Spread of Islam Learning Objective Discuss the spread of Islam and identify how the caliphs maintained authority over conquered territories. The people of the Islamic world created numerous sophisticated centers of culture and science with far-reaching mercantile networks, travelers, scientists, hunters, mathematicians, doctors, and philosophers. The Arab conquerors generally respected the traditional middle-Eastern pattern of religious pluralism with regard to the conquered populations, respecting the practice of other faiths in Arab territory, although widespread conversions to Islam came about as a result of the breakdown of historically religiously organized societies.
Terms Imam An Islamic leadership position, most commonly in the context of a worship leader of a mosque and Sunni Muslim community. Zoroastrianism an ancient Iranian religion and religious philosophy that arose in the eastern ancient Persian Empire, when the religious philosopher Zoroaster simplified the pantheon of early Iranian gods into two opposing forces. Licenses and Attributions. This created an Islamic powerhouse in which the spread of Islam was easily facilitated throughout.
The major religions- Christianity, Buddhism, and Islam continued to spread along the Silk Road for a multitude of reasons. First, by merchants converting to the religions it made business transactions easier. For example, merchants converted to Islam as a result of emperors favoring Islam more than all the other religions. Second, people adopted it because the values of the religions coincided with their own personal values.
The religions promise an afterlife and appealed most to women and lower classes. Traders were among the first to convert to Islam in Western Africa because of the social connection they can obtain through it. They would convert other people along the routes and bring back scholars and many well -educated people to increase their power over the people. Ibn batuta was one of the most famous of the scholars and he instituted Islam also. Overall, the trade route was mostly used for spread of wealth and power, from scholars and educated from Swahilis Bantu collection of.
Which created a more action based reason rather than just for militarism, but still made militarism much more relentless as. Perhaps the first major reason for the swift spread of Islam was raids followed by military conquests. Through Islam military campaigns, the religion expanded and prospered. Particularly, the map that depicted the spread of Islam. The religion of Islam spread rapidly in the 7th century. Islam spread quickly because of the military. During this time, on numerous accounts there were military raids.
Trade and conflict were also apparent between different empires, all of which resulted in the spreading of Islam. According to document C, Mecca had been taken under Muslim rule between This helped them expand Islam because they met new religions which helped them expand as well.
This is from Document B. The political status of Islam, and the role Muhammad had given it as a political as well as a religious force, was reinforced in the military conquests. A caliph such as Umar seems to have regarded himself, first and foremost, as the leader of the Arabs, and their monotheistic creed as the religious component of their new political identity. After the death of Muhammad in CE, the young Muslim federation came under strain. Some of the tribes decided that as their loyalty to Islam had been primarily to Muhammad himself, his death allowed them to end their allegiance to Mecca and to Islam.
To make things more difficult, the Prophet had not left clear instructions as to who should lead the community after his death.
Fortunately the community immediately chose the Prophet's close companion and father-in-Law Abu Bakr, as his successor. Abu Bakr was known as the first caliph from khalifa , the Arabic for successor. Abu Bakr took swift military action against the communities that wanted to break away. These campaigns, known as the apostasy or ridda wars, effectively consolidated Arabia into a single country under Muslim control within two years.
Abu Bakr died in and was succeeded by Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second caliph, who ruled until Umar found himself the ruler of a large unified state, with an organised army, and he used this as a tool to spread Islam further in the Middle East.
Umar's early campaigns were against the Byzantine Empire. Following the decisive Battle of Yarmouk in , the former Byzantine states of Syria, Palestine, and Lebanon were conquered by the Muslim armies. Shortly afterwards the Muslim army attacked the Sassanid Empire in Iraq, gaining a massive victory in at the Battle of Qadasiya, and gradually conquering more and more of Iraq over the next dozen years. This conquest was made much easier by the weakness of the Sassanid Empire, which was wounded by internal conflicts and a lengthy war with the Byzantine Empire.
In order to see this content you need to have both Javascript enabled and Flash installed. Visit BBC Webwise for full instructions. Christians and Muslims discuss the different traditions of mission, conversion and the expansion of religions worldwide. Does one religion have the monopoly on truth? Search term:.
0コメント